PIP UK: Daily Living, Mobility, Points System, Assessments and Appeals

PIP Guide 2026 — Personal Independence Payment Eligibility & Rates

Complete guide to Personal Independence Payment (PIP). Who qualifies, how much you'll get, how to apply, assessments, and what to do if your claim is refused.

Benefits information is based on current DWP and HMRC rules. Entitlements depend on your personal circumstances. For free personalised help, contact Citizens Advice or call the Universal Credit helpline on 0800 328 5644.

Personal Independence Payment (PIP) helps with extra costs of a long-term health condition or disability. Here’s everything you need to know about claiming.

Read more: See our PIP hub page for a complete overview — including condition-specific guides, assessment tips, and rates.

2026 welfare reform update: The government has proposed changes to PIP assessment criteria — including a “4-point rule” requiring claimants to score at least 4 points from a single daily living activity to qualify for the daily living component. These changes are subject to parliamentary scrutiny and may not apply to existing award holders. See our PIP changes 2026 guide for the latest position.

PIP Rates 2026-27

Weekly Rates

ComponentStandard RateEnhanced Rate
Daily Living£77.35£115.45
Mobility£30.35£81.00

Combined Weekly Amounts

CombinationWeekly AmountAnnual Amount
Daily Living Standard only£77.35£4,022
Daily Living Enhanced only£115.45£6,003
Mobility Standard only£30.35£1,578
Mobility Enhanced only£81.00£4,212
Both Standard£107.70£5,600
Both Enhanced£196.45£10,215
DL Enhanced + Mobility Standard£145.80£7,582
DL Standard + Mobility Enhanced£158.35£8,234

Who Can Claim PIP?

PIP is not about your diagnosis — it is about how your condition affects you. Two people with the same condition can receive very different awards depending on how severely their daily functioning is impacted. This is why the application process centres on describing your everyday difficulties in detail, rather than simply providing a diagnosis letter.

Basic Eligibility

RequirementDetail
Age16 to State Pension age
ConditionLong-term health condition or disability
DurationDifficulties for 3+ months, expected 9+ more
ResidenceLiving in England, Wales, or Scotland
PresenceIn UK for 2 of last 3 years

What PIP Is NOT Based On

FactorEffect on PIP
Your incomeNo effect — not means-tested
Your savingsNo effect
Working statusCan work and claim
Specific conditionBased on effects, not diagnosis
NI contributionsNot required

PIP is notably available to people who are working — there is no income or earnings test. If you are disabled or have a long-term health condition that affects daily living or mobility, you may be entitled regardless of whether you are in employment. See our guide on claiming PIP while working for more detail.

Conditions That May Qualify

CategoryExamples
PhysicalArthritis, MS, fibromyalgia
Mental healthDepression, anxiety, PTSD
Learning disabilityAutism, ADHD
SensoryVision loss, hearing loss
Long-term illnessDiabetes, heart disease
Progressive conditionsMotor neurone disease, dementia

How PIP Is Assessed

Daily Living Activities (10 Activities) — Full Descriptors Guide

ActivityWhat’s Assessed
1. Preparing foodCooking a simple meal
2. Eating and drinkingGetting food/drink to mouth
3. Managing treatmentsTaking medication, therapy
4. Washing and bathingCleaning yourself
5. Managing toilet needsUsing the toilet
6. Dressing and undressingPutting on/taking off clothes
7. CommunicatingUnderstanding/expressing
8. Reading and understandingSigns, written information
9. Engaging with othersFace-to-face interaction
10. Managing moneyBudgeting decisions

Mobility Activities (2 Activities)

ActivityWhat’s Assessed
11. Planning/following journeysMental function to travel
12. Moving aroundPhysical ability to walk

Point System

The points system sounds clinical but the assessors are trained to give you the opportunity to describe your situation. The key is to answer for your worst days — not your best. If your condition fluctuates, explain that, including what happens on a bad day. See our guide on PIP assessments for hidden and fluctuating conditions.

Points NeededAward Level
8-11 pointsStandard rate
12+ pointsEnhanced rate

Daily living and mobility assessed separately — you can get different rates for each.

Understanding the Points

Example: Activity 4 - Washing and Bathing

DescriptorPoints
Can wash and bathe unaided0
Needs aid or appliance2
Needs supervision or prompting2
Needs assistance to wash hair or body2
Needs assistance to get in/out of bath3
Cannot wash and bathe at all8

Example: Activity 12 - Moving Around

DescriptorPoints
Can stand and move 200m unaided0
Can stand and move 200m with aid4
Can stand and move 50-200m8
Can stand and move 20-50m10
Can stand and move under 20m12
Cannot stand or move at all12

Key Assessment Principles

PrincipleMeaning
ReliablyCan you do it to an acceptable standard?
RepeatedlyCan you do it as often as needed?
In reasonable timeDoes it take much longer than normal?
SafelyWithout risk of harm to yourself/others?

How to Apply

Step 1: Call to Start Claim

ContactDetail
Phone0800 917 2222
Textphone0800 917 7777
HoursMon-Fri 8am-5pm
What happensBasic details taken, form sent

Step 2: Complete PIP2 Form

TimingDetail
Receive formWithin 2 weeks of call
DeadlineReturn within 1 month
ExtensionCall if need more time
Format35+ pages

Step 3: Assessment

TypeWhen Used
Face-to-faceMost common
TelephoneSome cases
Video callIncreasingly common
Paper-basedWhere evidence is clear

Step 4: Decision

OutcomeWhat Happens
Award madeLetter confirms rate and period
RefusedCan request Mandatory Reconsideration
Partial awardConsider challenging

Filling in the PIP2 Form

The PIP2 form is long and can feel overwhelming — but it is your main opportunity to tell the DWP exactly how your condition affects you. Take your time with it. If you need help, Citizens Advice offers form-filling support, and our PIP evidence requirements guide explains what medical documentation to include.

Tips for Each Section

SectionGuidance
About your health conditionsList all conditions, medications
Daily living activitiesDescribe worst days
Mobility activitiesGive specific distances, times
Additional informationAny relevant details

What to Include

Evidence TypeExamples
Medical evidenceLetters from GP, consultants
PrescriptionsCurrent medication list
Care plansSocial services documents
Support lettersFrom carers, family
AssessmentsOT reports, mental health

Common Mistakes to Avoid

MistakeBetter Approach
Only describing good daysDescribe worst days
Saying “I can do it”Explain how difficult it is
Not explaining variabilityDescribe good and bad days
Missing conditionsList mental AND physical
Empty boxesAlways explain, even briefly

The Assessment

Most PIP claims require a functional assessment — either face-to-face, by phone, or video call. In some cases (where evidence is strong) a paper-based assessment is used. Home assessments are available if you cannot travel; see our PIP home assessment guide.

What to Expect

For a full breakdown of how to prepare, see our PIP assessment tips guide. In brief:

StageWhat Happens
ArrivalObserved from waiting room
IntroductionAssessor introduces self
QuestionsAbout daily activities
Physical examinationSometimes, with consent
Duration45-90 minutes typically

Example Questions

ActivityThey Might Ask
Preparing food“Can you describe making a meal?”
Washing“Tell me about washing — what help do you need?”
Mobility“How far can you walk before needing to stop?”
Social situations“Do you go out alone? What happens?”

How to Answer

ApproachExample
Describe the difficulty“I can do it, but it takes me 45 minutes and causes pain”
Mention aids“I use a perching stool because I can’t stand”
Explain consequences“If I cook, I’m exhausted and need to rest all afternoon”
Be specific“I can walk about 30 metres before needing to stop”

After the Assessment

TimelineEvent
4-6 weeksReceive decision letter
Award letterDetails rate and review date
Refusal or low awardConsider challenging

If Your Claim Is Refused

Mandatory Reconsideration (MR)

StepDetail
DeadlineWithin 1 month of decision
How to requestPhone, online, or in writing
ProcessDWP reviews decision
OutcomeCan be changed or maintained

Appeal to Tribunal

IfThen
MR unsuccessfulCan appeal to tribunal
DeadlineWithin 1 month of MR decision
FreeNo cost to appeal
Success rate~70% of appeals succeed

Appeal Process

StageWhat Happens
1. Submit appealOnline or SSCS1 form
2. Hearing dateUsually 3-6 months later
3. Tribunal hearingPanel of 3 people
4. DecisionOften on the day

Preparing for Appeal

PreparationAction
Get assessment reportRequest copy from DWP
Compare to your formIdentify inaccuracies
Gather new evidenceUpdated medical info
Citizens AdviceCan help prepare
Understand descriptorsKnow what points you need

PIP and Other Benefits

Receiving PIP can act as a gateway to several other benefits and schemes. It is worth checking each of these once your PIP award is in place, as some are automatic (Blue Badge for enhanced mobility) and others require a separate application.

Benefits It Can Unlock

BenefitHow PIP Helps
MotabilityEnhanced mobility gives car/scooter access
Carer’s AllowanceYour carer can claim
ESAMay qualify for support group
Universal CreditHigher disabled element
Council TaxMay qualify for discount
Blue BadgeEnhanced mobility = automatic

Benefits It Doesn’t Affect

BenefitAffected?
Universal CreditUC topped up, not replaced
State PensionUnaffected
Child BenefitUnaffected
Tax creditsMay increase them

Working and PIP

SituationPIP Still Paid?
You workYes — no income test
Full-time employmentYes
High earnerYes
Self-employedYes

PIP Reviews — What to Expect

Why Reviews Happen

ReasonDetail
Award period endsTypically 2-10 years
Condition changesReport changes
DWP reviewRandom checks

Award Review Timeline

Award TypeTypical Duration
Ongoing award10 years or indefinite
Light touch10 years
Standard2-5 years
Short award1-2 years

What to Do at Review

ActionDetail
Complete AR1 formReview form
Update evidenceNew medical info
Describe current situationMay be different from before
Assessment possibleBut not always

Special Rules for Terminal Illness

If you or someone you are claiming on behalf of has a terminal illness and is not expected to live beyond 12 months, a fast-track process applies. The DS1500 form (now SR1 in some areas) is completed by a doctor or specialist nurse. PIP is typically awarded at the enhanced daily living rate without a face-to-face assessment. For cancer-specific PIP claiming, see our PIP for cancer guide.

Fast-Track Process

FeatureDetail
DefinitionNot expected to live beyond 12 months
FormDS1500 from doctor
AssessmentUsually none needed
ProcessingDays rather than months
AwardUsually enhanced daily living
ReviewAfter 3 years

Getting Help with Your Claim

Free Support

OrganizationWhat They Offer
Citizens AdviceForm help, appeals support
Disability Rights UKGuides and factsheets
ScopeHelpline and support
MindMental health specific
Local welfare rightsCouncil services

PIP Helpline

DetailInformation
Number0800 121 4433
Textphone0800 121 4493
HoursMon-Fri 8am-5pm
Use forClaim status, questions

Checklist: Applying for PIP

Before Calling

PrepareDone?
National Insurance number
Bank/building society details
GP name and address
List of conditions
Current medications

Completing PIP2

CompleteDone?
Describe all conditions
Explain worst days
Detail how activities affected
Include all evidence
Keep photocopy
Return before deadline

For Assessment

PrepareDone?
Know your form answers
Bring medications list
Bring mobility aids
Take someone with you
Note assessor’s name
Describe difficulties honestly

PIP Rates & Components

Applying and Assessments

Challenging a Decision

Condition-Specific Guides

2026 Changes

Sources

  1. GOV.UK — Personal Independence Payment
  2. GOV.UK — PIP Assessment Guide