Credit & Debt

Borrowing Options Compared UK — Loans, Cards, and Alternatives

Compare all the ways to borrow money in the UK. Personal loans, credit cards, overdrafts, family loans, and more — costs, pros, cons, and which to choose.

Whether you need to fund a large purchase, cover an emergency, or consolidate existing debt, understanding the full range of borrowing options helps you choose the cheapest and most suitable way to borrow for your situation.

Borrowing Options at a Glance

MethodTypical APRAmountTermBest For
0% credit card0% (promo)Up to £10,0006–24 monthsShort-term, planned purchases
Personal loan5–15%£1,000–£25,0001–7 yearsLarger, fixed-term borrowing
Arranged overdraft35–40% EAR£100–£3,000FlexibleVery short-term (days)
Balance transfer card0% (promo)Up to £10,00012–30 monthsMoving existing card debt
Remortgage/further advance4–6%£10,000+Up to 25 yearsHomeowners borrowing large sums
Credit union loan3–42.6% APR£50–£15,000FlexibleAffordable, community lending
Family/friends0% (usually)VariesAgreedNo/low cost, if relationship allows
BNPL0% (if on time)Varies4–12 weeksSmall online purchases
Payday loan1,000%+ APR£100–£1,0001 monthAvoid — extremely expensive

Detailed Comparison

Personal Loans

FeatureDetail
APR5–15% (depending on amount and credit score)
Amount£1,000–£25,000
Term1–7 years
PaymentsFixed monthly
Early repaymentUsually allowed (up to 58 days’ interest penalty)
Credit checkYes

Best rates (under 6%) are typically for amounts of £7,500–£25,000 with good credit.

Use our personal loan calculator to estimate costs.

Credit Cards

TypeBest ForKey Benefit
0% purchasePlanned large purchasesNo interest for up to 24 months
0% balance transferMoving existing card debtNo interest on transferred debt
Rewards/cashbackEveryday spending (paid in full monthly)Earn rewards on spending
Credit builderBuilding/rebuilding creditAccessible with poor credit

Overdrafts

FeatureDetail
Cost~40% EAR (since 2020 standardisation)
LimitVaries (usually £100–£3,000)
Suitable forVery short-term (days, not weeks)
RiskEasy to remain overdrawn; expensive long-term

Credit Union Loans

FeatureDetail
APR3–42.6% (capped by law)
Amount£50–£15,000
AccessMust be a member (usually based on location, employer, or community)
BenefitsOften more flexible, ethical lending, may lend when banks decline

Borrowing Against Your Home

MethodAPRRisk
Remortgage4–6%Home is at risk
Further advance4–6%Home is at risk
Secured loan5–10%Home is at risk
Equity release5–7% (compounding)Reduces estate value

Warning: Securing debt against your home means your property can be repossessed if you do not keep up payments. Only consider this for very large sums where the lower rate significantly reduces cost.

Cost Comparison: Borrowing £5,000

MethodMonthly PaymentTermTotal CostTotal Interest
0% credit card£27718 months£5,000£0
Personal loan (6%)£975 years£5,800£800
Personal loan (10%)£1065 years£6,370£1,370
Overdraft (40% EAR)Flexible5 years£9,000+£4,000+
Credit card (22% APR, min payments)~£100 (reducing)7+ years£8,000+£3,000+

Decision Framework

Step 1: Do You Need to Borrow?

Consider FirstInstead of Borrowing
Can you wait and save?Use our savings guides
Is there a cheaper alternative?Buy second-hand, cheaper option
Can you earn extra?Side hustles
Do you have an emergency fund?Use it (that is what it is for)

Step 2: Choose by Amount and Timescale

AmountShort-Term (Under 2 Years)Long-Term (2+ Years)
Under £1,0000% credit card, overdraft (days only)Not applicable
£1,000–£5,0000% credit cardPersonal loan
£5,000–£15,000Personal loanPersonal loan
£15,000–£25,000Personal loanRemortgage (homeowners)
£25,000+Remortgage/secured loanRemortgage/secured loan

What to Avoid

ProductWhy
Payday loansAPRs over 1,000%; designed to trap people in debt
Doorstep lendersVery high APR; predatory practices
Loan sharksIllegal, dangerous, no consumer protection
Guarantor loansExpensive; puts someone else at financial risk
Extended overdraft40% EAR adds up quickly

If you are struggling to access affordable credit, contact a credit union or seek advice from StepChange or Citizens Advice.