Pensions & Retirement

Personal Savings Allowance Explained — Tax on Savings Interest UK

How the Personal Savings Allowance works, how much savings interest you can earn tax-free, and what happens when you exceed it.

The Personal Savings Allowance (PSA) lets you earn a certain amount of savings interest tax-free each year. Understanding how it works — alongside ISAs and the starting rate for savings — helps you keep more of your money.

Personal Savings Allowance by Tax Band

Tax band Income range (2026/27) PSA Tax rate on interest above PSA
Basic rate £12,571 – £50,270 £1,000 20%
Higher rate £50,271 – £125,140 £500 40%
Additional rate Over £125,140 £0 45%
Non-taxpayer Up to £12,570 N/A — see starting rate below 0%

The Starting Rate for Savings

If your total non-savings income (wages, pension, etc.) is below £17,570, you may qualify for the starting rate for savings:

Detail Amount
Starting rate band Up to £5,000 of savings interest at 0%
How it works The £5,000 band is reduced by every £1 of non-savings income above £12,570
Example: income of £12,570 Full £5,000 starting rate + £1,000 PSA = £6,000 tax-free savings interest
Example: income of £15,570 Starting rate reduced to £2,000 + £1,000 PSA = £3,000 tax-free
Example: income of £17,570+ Starting rate is £0 — PSA only applies

This is particularly relevant for part-time workers, retirees on small pensions, and students.

How Much Can You Save Before Paying Tax?

These examples assume a 5% savings interest rate (outside ISAs):

Tax band PSA Tax-free savings threshold Calculation
Non-taxpayer (income £12,570) £1,000 + £5,000 starting rate £120,000 £6,000 ÷ 5%
Basic rate £1,000 £20,000 £1,000 ÷ 5%
Higher rate £500 £10,000 £500 ÷ 5%
Additional rate £0 £0 — all interest taxed N/A

At lower interest rates, the thresholds are higher. At 3% interest, a basic rate taxpayer could hold £33,333 before paying tax.

PSA vs ISAs — How They Work Together

Feature Personal Savings Allowance ISA
Tax-free interest Up to £1,000 (basic) / £500 (higher) Unlimited
Annual limit No limit on savings amount £20,000 per tax year contribution
Interest counts towards PSA? Yes No
Protects future interest? Only current year Permanently tax-free
Available to additional rate? No (£0 PSA) Yes

Strategy: Use Both

  1. Max out ISAs first — interest earned here never counts towards your PSA
  2. Use your PSA for non-ISA savings — keep savings accounts for money that exceeds your ISA allowance
  3. Consider your tax band — if you’re near the higher rate threshold, a pay rise or bonus could halve your PSA

How Tax on Savings Interest Is Collected

Situation How tax is collected
Employed (PAYE) HMRC adjusts your tax code — tax is collected through your wages
Self-assessment You report savings interest on your tax return
Pensioner (PAYE pension) HMRC adjusts your pension tax code
Non-taxpayer No tax to pay — but you may need to claim back overpaid tax if bank deducted it

Banks and building societies report your interest to HMRC automatically. You don’t need to do anything unless you’re on self-assessment.

What If HMRC Gets It Wrong?

If your tax code has been adjusted for savings interest and the amount seems wrong:

  1. Check your interest across all accounts using your bank statements
  2. Log in to your HMRC personal tax account to see the estimate
  3. Call HMRC or update your details online to correct the figure
  4. If you’ve overpaid, you can claim a refund through your personal tax account or by writing to HMRC

What Counts as Savings Interest?

Counts towards PSA Doesn’t count towards PSA
Bank and building society interest ISA interest
Credit union interest Premium Bonds prizes (tax-free)
Peer-to-peer lending interest Dividends (separate allowance)
Government bond (gilt) interest Capital gains
Corporate bond interest if received gross
NS&I Income Bonds, Investment Account NS&I Premium Bonds, Direct Saver (some products are tax-free)

Tips to Minimise Tax on Savings

  1. Use your full ISA allowance (£20,000/year) — all interest is permanently tax-free
  2. Split savings between partners — if one is a non-taxpayer or basic rate and the other is higher rate, holding savings in the lower earner’s name maximises tax-free interest
  3. Use Premium Bonds — prizes are tax-free and don’t count towards your PSA
  4. Consider NS&I products — some are tax-free (e.g. Premium Bonds, some older fixed-rate certificates)
  5. Track your interest — know when you’re approaching your PSA limit so you can move money into ISAs before the next tax year
  6. Check your tax code — make sure HMRC’s estimate of your interest is accurate

Quick Comparison: PSA vs ISA vs Premium Bonds

Feature PSA Cash ISA Premium Bonds
Tax-free Up to £1,000/£500 per year All interest All prizes
Contribution limit None £20,000/year £50,000 total
Guaranteed return Yes (at your savings rate) Yes (at ISA rate) No (prize draw)
Access Depends on account Easy access or fixed Easy access
Best for Non-ISA savings below threshold Long-term tax-free saving Tax-free with some risk