Tax

Capital Gains Tax Calculator UK 2026 — CGT Rates & Allowances

Calculate capital gains tax on property, shares, and other assets. Understand CGT rates, allowances, reliefs, and how to minimise your tax bill.

Capital gains tax applies when you sell or dispose of assets that have increased in value. Here’s how to calculate your liability and reduce it legally.

CGT Overview 2026/27

Key Figures

Element Amount
Annual exemption £3,000
Basic rate 18% (most assets), 18% (property)
Higher rate 24% (most assets), 24% (property)
BADR rate 10%
BADR lifetime limit £1,000,000

CGT Rates Explained

Standard Rates

Your Income Tax Band Rate on Most Gains Rate on Property
Basic rate taxpayer 18% 18%
Higher/additional rate 24% 24%

How Your Tax Band Is Determined

Step Action
1 Calculate taxable income
2 Add capital gains
3 Gains within basic rate band = 18%
4 Gains above basic rate band = 24%

CGT Quick Calculator

Shares and Investments

Gain After Exemption Basic Rate (18%) Higher Rate (24%)
£5,000 £900 £1,200
£10,000 £1,800 £2,400
£25,000 £4,500 £6,000
£50,000 £9,000 £12,000
£100,000 £18,000 £24,000

Second Property

Gain After Exemption Basic Rate (18%) Higher Rate (24%)
£25,000 £4,500 £6,000
£50,000 £9,000 £12,000
£100,000 £18,000 £24,000
£150,000 £27,000 £36,000
£200,000 £36,000 £48,000

How to Calculate Your Gain

Basic Calculation

Step Calculation
Sale proceeds What you received
Less: Acquisition cost What you paid
Less: Allowable costs Purchase costs, improvements
Equals: Total gain
Less: Annual exemption £3,000
Equals: Taxable gain
Apply: CGT rate 18% or 24%

Example: Share Sale

Item Amount
Sale proceeds £50,000
Original purchase cost £20,000
Dealing costs (buy + sell) £500
Gain £29,500
Annual exemption -£3,000
Taxable gain £26,500
CGT at 24% (higher rate) £6,360

Example: Second Property Sale

Item Amount
Sale proceeds £350,000
Purchase price £200,000
Stamp duty paid £7,500
Legal fees (both ends) £3,000
Home improvements £25,000
Selling costs (agent) £5,250
Gain £109,250
Annual exemption -£3,000
Taxable gain £106,250
CGT at 24% (higher rate) £25,500

Allowable Costs

What You Can Deduct

Cost Type Examples
Purchase costs Price, legal fees, stamp duty
Sale costs Agent fees, legal fees
Improvement costs Extensions, renovations
Costs of establishing title If disputed

What You Cannot Deduct

Not Allowable Why
Maintenance and repairs Revenue not capital
Mortgage interest Already claimed elsewhere
Insurance Revenue expense
Your own time Not a paid cost
Decoration Maintenance

Main Residence Relief

Private Residence Relief (PRR)

If You PRR
Lived there throughout 100% exempt
Lived there for part Proportional relief
Had lodgers Usually still exempt
Worked from home Usually still exempt
Let it out Partial restriction

Letting Relief

Feature Details
When it applies You lived there AND let it out
Amount Lower of: gain from letting, PRR, or £40,000
Result Reduces gain further

Example: Partial PRR

Ownership Period 10 years
Lived there 6 years
Let out 4 years
Total gain £100,000
PRR: 6 + 9 months* = 6.75 years 67.5% = £67,500 exempt
Letting relief £32,500 (lower of amounts)
Taxable gain £0

*Final 9 months always exempt if ever your home.

Business Asset Disposal Relief (BADR)

What Qualifies

Asset Type Requirement
Business you own Sole trader for 2+ years
Shares in your company 5%+ and employee/director for 2+ years
Partnership interest Partner for 2+ years
Business assets Used in your business

BADR Benefit

Without BADR With BADR
24% CGT 10% CGT
£100,000 gain = £24,000 tax £100,000 gain = £10,000 tax
Save: £14,000

Lifetime limit: £1,000,000 of gains at 10%.

Tax-Free Gains (No CGT)

Exempt Assets

Asset Why Exempt
Main residence PRR
ISA/pension gains Tax wrapper
Your car Exempt
Personal items under £6,000 Chattels exemption
Gilts Government bonds
Premium Bonds Exempt
Gifts to spouse No gain/no loss
Gifts to charity Exempt
Betting/lottery winnings Not taxed

Strategies to Reduce CGT

Strategy How It Works
Use annual exemption £3,000/year, use it or lose it
Transfer to spouse Use both exemptions
Bed and ISA Sell and rebuy in ISA
Time your sale Spread across tax years
Claim all costs Don’t miss allowable expenses
Offset losses Current and brought forward
BADR If qualifying business asset
Gift Hold-Over Relief Defer gain on business gifts

Using Both Exemptions (Married Couple)

Without Transfer With Transfer
You: £20,000 gain Transfer £10,000 to spouse
Exemption: £3,000 You: £10,000, exemption £3,000
Taxable: £17,000 Spouse: £10,000, exemption £3,000
CGT at 24%: £4,080 Total taxable: £14,000
CGT at 24%: £3,360
Saving: £720

Bed and ISA

Step Action
1 Sell shares (crystallise gain, use exemption)
2 Wait 30+ days OR
2a Immediately rebuy in ISA
3 Future gains tax-free

Losses

How Losses Work

Rule Details
Current year losses Must use against gains
Prior year losses Can carry forward indefinitely
Cannot create refund Only reduce to zero
Must claim Within 4 years

Loss Example

Tax Year Gains Losses Net Position
Year 1 £15,000 £20,000 £5,000 loss carried forward
Year 2 £10,000 £0 Use £7,000 c/f loss
Taxable: £0 (after exemption)
£0 loss remaining

Reporting and Payment

When to Report

Situation Deadline
Property sale 60 days (on account)
Other assets Self-assessment (31 Jan)

Property CGT Payment

Timeline Action
Day 1 Complete property sale
Day 60 Report and pay CGT on account
Following 31 Jan Final reconciliation

Key Takeaways

  1. Rates are 18%/24% — depending on your tax band
  2. £3,000 annual exemption — use every year
  3. Main home exempt — under Private Residence Relief
  4. Claim all costs — purchase, improvements, sale costs
  5. Use spouse transfers — double your exemption
  6. Report property quickly — 60-day deadline

For related topics, see our shares and investments guide and tax-efficient investing.