Income Tax UK: Tax Codes, Allowances, PAYE, Scottish Rates and Reliefs

UK Tax Brackets 2027/28 — Income Tax Bands, NI and Dividend Rates

Every UK tax bracket for 2027/28 in one place. Income tax bands, National Insurance rates, dividend tax rates, Capital Gains Tax, and the personal allowance — confirmed figures for the new tax year.

Tax information is based on HMRC rules for the 2026/27 tax year. Tax rules can change — always verify current rates at GOV.UK. This is not tax advice. Consider consulting a qualified tax adviser for your personal situation.

A complete reference for every UK tax bracket in 2027/28 — income tax, National Insurance, dividends, capital gains, and savings interest.

Last reviewed: May 2026. Figures reflect confirmed frozen thresholds. Any autumn 2026 Budget changes will be updated here when announced.

Income Tax Brackets — 2027/28

England, Wales and Northern Ireland

BandIncome rangeRate
Personal allowance£0 – £12,5700%
Basic rate£12,571 – £50,27020%
Higher rate£50,271 – £125,14040%
Additional rate£125,141+45%

Scotland (2026/27 rates — 2027/28 to be confirmed by Scottish Parliament)

BandIncome rangeRate
Starter rate£12,571 – £15,39719%
Basic rate£15,398 – £27,49120%
Intermediate rate£27,492 – £43,66221%
Higher rate£43,663 – £75,00042%
Advanced rate£75,001 – £125,14045%
Top rate£125,141+48%

National Insurance — 2027/28

Employee (Class 1 Primary) Contributions

EarningsRate
Up to £12,5700%
£12,571 – £50,2708%
Over £50,2702%

Employer (Class 1 Secondary) Contributions

EarningsRate
Up to £5,000 (secondary threshold)0%
Over £5,00015%

Self-Employed

  • Class 4: 6% on profits £12,570–£50,270; 2% above £50,270
  • Class 2: Voluntary (abolished from April 2024 for most; Class 4 entitles to contributory benefits)

Dividend Tax Rates — 2027/28

BandRate
Within personal allowance0%
Dividend allowance (first £500 of dividends)0%
Basic rate band8.75%
Higher rate band33.75%
Additional rate39.35%

Capital Gains Tax — 2027/28

AssetBasic rateHigher/additional rate
All assets (post Oct 2024 rates)18%24%
Annual exempt amount£3,000

Savings Interest

TaxpayerPersonal Savings Allowance
Basic rate£1,000
Higher rate£500
Additional rate£0

Starting rate for savings: 0% on up to £5,000 (reduced by non-savings income above personal allowance).

Inheritance Tax Thresholds — 2027/28

ThresholdAmount
Nil-rate band (individual)£325,000
Residence Nil-Rate Band (individual)£175,000
Potential threshold (individual, with RNRB)£500,000
Potential threshold (couple, full transfer)£1,000,000
IHT rate on excess40%
Charitable legacy rate36%

Note: from April 2027, unused pension funds are included in the IHT estate for the first time.

ISA Allowances — 2027/28

ISA typeAnnual subscription limit
Cash ISA£20,000 (shared across all ISA types)
Stocks and Shares ISA£20,000 (shared)
Lifetime ISA (LISA)£4,000 (within overall £20,000 limit)
Junior ISA (JISA)£9,000 (separate allowance, per child)

The overall ISA allowance of £20,000 applies across all adult ISA types combined.

Effective Combined Tax Rates — 2027/28

For employees in England, Wales and Northern Ireland:

IncomeIncome taxEmployee NICombined effective rate
£20,000~3.2%~3.0%~6.2%
£30,000~9.9%~4.7%~14.6%
£40,000~14.9%~6.0%~20.9%
£50,270~19.0%~7.6%~26.6%
£60,000~24.0%~5.4%~29.4%
£80,000~30.3%~4.1%~34.4%

Approximate figures — exact amounts depend on individual circumstances and tax codes.

Sources

  1. GOV.UK — Income Tax rates
  2. GOV.UK — National Insurance rates
  3. HMRC — Tax statistics